IF YOU’VE NOTICED your baby struggling with breastfeeding or your toddler having difficulty pronouncing certain sounds, the culprit might be a lip or tongue tie. These common conditions affect many children, and understanding them can help you make informed decisions about your child’s care.
What Are Lip and Tongue Ties?
A tongue tie, medically known as ankyloglossia, occurs when the thin piece of tissue (frenulum) connecting the tongue to the floor of the mouth is too short or tight. This restricts the tongue’s movement. Similarly, a lip tie happens when the frenulum attaching the upper lip to the gums is overly tight, limiting lip mobility.
These conditions are present from birth and can range from mild to severe. While some children experience no problems, others may face challenges that affect feeding, speech, and oral development.
Signs and Symptoms in Infants
For newborns and babies, feeding difficulties are often the first indicator. You might notice your infant having trouble latching during breastfeeding, making clicking sounds while nursing, or seeming constantly hungry despite frequent feedings. Babies with tongue ties may not be able to lift their tongue to the roof of their mouth or extend it past their lower gum line.
Mothers may also experience symptoms, including painful nursing, damaged nipples, or low milk supply due to ineffective feeding. If you’re experiencing these issues, it’s worth having your baby evaluated.
Impact on Older Children
As children grow, untreated ties can lead to speech difficulties. Kids may struggle with sounds that require tongue elevation, like “t,” “d,” “l,” and “r.” You might also notice challenges with eating certain foods, particularly those requiring tongue manipulation like licking an ice cream cone or moving food around in the mouth.
Dental concerns can develop as well. Tongue ties may contribute to gaps between front teeth, increased cavity risk due to improper tongue positioning, and even jaw development issues. Some children also experience difficulty with oral hygiene because they cannot effectively move their tongue to clean teeth.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination by your pediatrician, pediatric dentist, or lactation consultant. They’ll assess the frenulum’s appearance, your child’s tongue and lip mobility, and any functional limitations.
Treatment options vary based on severity. Minor cases may only require monitoring or exercises to improve mobility. For cases causing significant problems, a simple procedure called a frenectomy can release the restrictive tissue. This can be performed using scissors, a laser, or electrocautery, often with minimal discomfort and quick recovery.
The procedure is typically quick and can be done in your dentist’s or doctor’s office. Many parents notice immediate improvements in feeding, though some babies need time to adjust to their new range of motion.
When to Seek Help
If you suspect your child has a lip or tongue tie, consult with your pediatric dentist or pediatrician. Early intervention often leads to better outcomes, particularly for feeding issues in infants. However, treatment can be successful at any age.
Remember, not every frenulum that looks tight requires treatment. The decision should be based on whether it’s causing functional problems for your child. Your dental and medical team can help you determine the best course of action for your family.